Search results for " contingency"

Continuity correction of pearson’s chi-square test in 2x2 contingency tables: A mini-review on recent development

2022

The Pearson’s chi-square test represents a nonparametric test more used in Biomedicine and Social Sciences, but it introduces an error for 2 x 2 contingency tables, when a discrete probability distribution is approximated with a continuous distribution. The first author to introduce the continuity correction of Pearson’s chi-square test has been Yates F. (1934). Unfortunately, Yates’s correction may tend to overcorrect of p-value, this can implicate an overly conservative result. Therefore many authors have introduced variants Pearson’s chi-square statistic, as alternative continuity correction to Yates’s correction. The goal of this paper is to describe the most recent continuity correctio…

Soggetto in quanto corpo

2016

According to Anders, technology replaces human body, in fact it is more powerful than physicality which can’t be shaped. Technology imposes itself on human body while human beings are ashamed of their one. Reduction of the body destroys humanity of human being and its scale of values. According to Heidegger, the vocation of technology is to impose itself and to be independent from man, but it supports life and nature. Even neurobiology offers a duality between higher cognitive activities of mind and the part of the brain connected to emotions. Both technology and higher activity of mind seem to propose a transcendence of the body. But the aesthetic fruition of photography reconfigures human…

Rieke Trimçev, Politik als Spiel. Zur Geschichte einer Kontingenzmetapher im politischen Denken des 20. Jahrhunderts. Baden-Baden: Nomos 2018, 398 p.…

2019

Women of wine in Sicily: analysis of their role, motivation and work

2012

Recent surveys on female employment show that, in Italy, the number of Women Entrepreneurs has constantly increased. This work aims to study the "Women of Wine" in Sicily, those entrepreneurs or managers who hold leadership and decision-making roles within the wineries, focusing on age, qualification, type of activity, motivations that led to undertake the task, difficulties encountered, and also on changes made by women in the firm. By calculating the coefficient of contingency we intended to measure the association between some factors of development of women-run wineries in Sicily, namely between professional characteristics of women managers deemed most important for this investigation,…

The Use of Financial and Non-Financial Performance Measures: A Contingency Perspective

2013

Financial and non-financial index and indicators are applied in industry for measure firms’ business and operational performance. Different mix of measures are usually implemented in practice and we argue that, to a certain extent, this variability can be explained according to some contextual factors, as for instance environmental uncertainty, decentralization, type of strategic organizations and managerial practices.We develop hypothesis on the association between the usage of certain performance measures and this factors in a contingency perspective. Exploratory research based on large scale survey on manufacturing firms supports our investigation and test of the research hypothesis. R…

Les déterminants de la complexité des systèmes d’information comptables des dirigeants de PME : contingences culturelles et endogénéité

2018

Le premier objectif est d’étudier le lien entre les dimensions de la culture nationale et la complexité des systèmes d’information comptables (SIC) des dirigeants de PME. Le second est de contribuer au débat sur la présence potentielle de biais d’endogénéité dans les précédentes études réalisées sur le thème. Une régression multiple et un test d’Hausman ont été mobilisés en utilisant les réponses de 276 dirigeants de PME françaises, tunisiennes et syriennes. Les quatre dimensions de la culture proposées par Hofstede sont des déterminants significatifs de la complexité des SIC. Le test d’Hausman révèle que l’existence d’endogénéité est peu plausible.

Assessing uncertainty of voter transitions estimated from aggregated data. Application to the 2017 French presidential election

2020

[EN] Inferring electoral individual behaviour from aggregated data is a very active research area, with ramifications in sociology and political science. A new approach based on linear programming is proposed to estimate voter transitions among parties (or candidates) between two elections. Compared to other linear and quadratic programming models previously published, our approach presents two important innovations. Firstly, it explicitly deals with new entries and exits in the election census without assuming unrealistic hypotheses, enabling a reasonable estimation of vote behaviour of young electors voting for the first time. Secondly, by exploiting the information contained in the model…

Not so different altogether: Putting Lean and sociotechnical design into practice in a process industry

2021

Purpose: The shop-floor organization under lean production (LP) has been hotly debated for about three decades. As this organization concept leaves considerable room for interpretation, the content of lean-inspired changes can vary widely. This paper pleads for a contingency view of how LP is implemented and how the outcomes of lean-inspired changes rely on users’ interpretations of the concept in particular production contexts.Design/methodology/approach: A case study was conducted in two large Norwegian chemical plants. Data from the observations and interviews were supplemented by interviews with top managers in 2017 and 2018. The first author also followed a management audit in one plan…

Paradigms for Political Action. A Draft for a Repertoire

2022

Whether politics is a separate sphere or an aspect of human action is a subject of academic controversy. I focus here on the political aspect of action, which is not exclusive of other aspects. There are no ‘naturally political’ issues nor is there anything completely devoid of a political aspect. I am now taking a step backwards to discuss the seemingly simple ‘political or not’ question, as compared to the ‘political in which sense’ question, which I have discussed elsewhere. In this article, I stay on the ideal–typical level, as I want to discuss alternative ways of marking the criteria for the political aspect, without discussing the views of other scholars in detail. I call the procedu…

Improving Estimates Accuracy of Voter Transitions. Two New Algorithms for Ecological Inference Based on Linear Programming

2022

The estimation of RxC ecological inference contingency tables from aggregate data is one of the most salient and challenging problems in the field of quantitative social sciences, with major solutions proposed from both the ecological regression and the mathematical programming frameworks. In recent decades, there has been a drive to find solutions stemming from the former, with the latter being less active. From the mathematical programming framework, this paper suggests a new direction for tackling this problem. For the first time in the literature, a procedure based on linear programming is proposed to attain estimates of local contingency tables. Based on this and the homogeneity hypot…